Cov khoom siv hauv tsev yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho, txiav txim siab lub tsev tus yam ntxwv, style, thiab cov teebmeem. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev ib txwm muaj xws li pob zeb, ntoo, av nplaum, txiv qaub, thiab gypsum, thaum cov khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub suav nrog steel, cement, pob zeb, iav, thiab yas. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho.
Cov khoom siv hauv tsev
1. Pob zeb
Pob zeb yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev qub tshaj plaws uas siv hauv tib neeg keeb kwm. Nws nta ntau reserves, dav tis, zoo qauv, siab compressive zog, zoo dej kuj, durability, thiab zoo heev hnav tsis kam. Cov teb chaws Europe sab hnub poob ib zaug siv pob zeb hauv architecture, nrog cov piv txwv tseem ceeb suav nrog lub Palace zoo nkauj ntawm Versailles hauv Fabkis thiab British Parliament House. Tsis tas li ntawd, Egyptian pyramids tau tsim los siv cov pob zeb loj loj. Pob zeb architecture nqa ib qho kev nthuav dav, solemnity, thiab nobility. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws qhov ntom ntom siab thiab qhov hnyav, cov qauv pob zeb zoo li muaj cov phab ntsa thicker, uas txo lub tsev hauv av thaj tsam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua lub cim ntawm cov khoom kim heev hauv kev tsim kho kom zoo nkauj, tsim cov duab kos duab tshwj xeeb.
2. Ntoo
Ntoo, raws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev, muaj cov yam ntxwv xws li lub teeb yuag, lub zog siab, kev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, ua haujlwm zoo, rov ua dua tshiab, rov ua dua tshiab, thiab ua kom zoo ib puag ncig yam tsis muaj kuab paug. Yog li ntawd, ntoo structural vaj tse pom zoo heev stability thiab seismic kuj. Txawm li cas los xij, ntoo siv hauv kev tsim kho kuj tuaj nrog qhov tsis zoo. Nws yooj yim rau deformation, tawg, pwm loj hlob, thiab kab kab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj kev cuam tshuam rau hluav taws, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nws qhov zoo thiab kav ntev.
Ntoo yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev tsis tu ncua vim nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo tshaj plaws thiab tau siv dav hauv kev tsim kho txij li lub sijhawm qub. Qee lub tsev zoo li qhov chaw ntawm Nanchan Tuam Tsev thiab Foguang Tuam Tsev ntawm Mount Wutai hauv Suav teb ua cov neeg sawv cev ntawm vaj tse. Cov qauv no muaj kev sib haum xeeb, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv, qhov dav eaves, muaj zog bracketing, thiab ib tug solemn thiab yooj yim style.
Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub engineering engineering tej yaam num, cov khoom xws li kab teeb, kab, kev txhawb nqa, qhov rooj, qhov rais, thiab txawm pob zeb pwm cia siab rau ntoo. Raws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev ua pa, ntoo muab qhov sov sov rau lub caij ntuj no thiab txias thaum lub caij ntuj sov, yog li tsim kom muaj qhov chaw nyob zoo tshaj plaws rau tib neeg.
Nanchan Tuam Tsev, Tuam Tshoj
3. Av nplaum cib
Av nplaum cib yog ib hom khoom tsim los ntawm tib neeg. Tau ntev, ntau cov av nplaum cib yog cov khoom siv phab ntsa tseem ceeb rau kev tsim vaj tsev nyob hauv Suav teb. Cov av nplaum cib yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv qhov me me, lub teeb yuag, yooj yim ntawm kev tsim kho, kev ua kom zoo thiab tsis tu ncua, muaj peev xwm thauj khoom, rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev tu lub peev xwm, nrog rau lawv cov facade kho kom zoo nkauj. Kev siv lawv hauv kev tsim kho tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov chaw nyob rau tib neeg. Lub Nroog Forbidden yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev uas siv cov av nplaum. Cov av nplaum zoo li niaj zaus siv rau sab nrauv facade pab txhawb rau Forbidden City qhov kev ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv raw rau cov av nplaum yog cov av nplaum ntuj, thiab lawv cov khoom tsim muaj kev txi av. Maj mam, lawv tau hloov los ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txoj haujlwm hauv tib neeg keeb kwm kev tsim vaj tsev yuav tsis raug tshem tawm.
4. Txiv qaub
Txiv qaub, raws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev, paub txog nws qhov muaj zog plasticity, qeeb hardening txheej txheem, tsis muaj zog tom qab hardening, thiab tseem ceeb ntim shrinkage thaum hardening. Nws ntau txhiab xyoo keeb kwm ua tim khawv rau tib neeg txoj kev ntseeg thiab kev cia siab rau cov khoom no. Cov txiv qaub tseem yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv tsev, dav siv hauv ntau yam kev tsim kho thiab kev lag luam, xws li plastering sab hauv, sib tov txiv qaub mortar thiab grout, thiab npaj adobe thiab av nkos cib.
Ib yam li ntawd, gypsum, lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev thaum ub, boasts ntau cov ntaub ntawv raw, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim, kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, kev nqus dej muaj zog, pheej yig, thiab kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau niaj hnub architectural sab hauv partitions, decorations, thiab tiav tej yaam num. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog feem ntau siv los ua gypsum plaster thiab gypsum khoom.
Cov khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub
5. Hlau
Steel plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv niaj hnub architecture ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Cov hlau muaj cov khoom zoo heev xws li lub teeb yuag tsis tau muaj zog, zoo plasticity thiab toughness, kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau, siab industrialization theem, kev tsim kho ceev ceev, yooj yim dismantling, zoo sealing zog, thiab kub ua hauj. Cov yam ntxwv hwm zoo no ua rau nws tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim vaj tsev niaj hnub, feem ntau siv hauv cov qauv hlau loj xws li tshav dav hlau thiab chaw ntau pob, cov tsev siab siab steel qauv nrog rau cov tsev so thiab cov tsev ua haujlwm, cov qauv tsim zoo li TV thiab kev sib txuas lus, phaj plhaub steel qauv zoo li cov roj loj. Cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov roj tso tsheb hlau luam, cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam steel cov qauv, cov qauv hlau hnyav xws li cov tsev khaws khoom me me, choj steel qauv, thiab cov qauv hlau rau cov khoom txav xws li elevators thiab cranes.
6. Cement
Cement, raws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub, pom kev siv dav hauv kev lag luam, kev ua liaj ua teb, kev siv dej, kev thauj mus los, kev loj hlob hauv nroog, chaw nres nkoj, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tsim kho. Nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub era, nws tau dhau los ua ib qho khoom siv tsis tseem ceeb rau kev tsim vaj tsev. Cement yog ib qho khoom siv hmoov tsis muaj hmoov av uas, thaum sib xyaw nrog dej, tsim cov kua dej thiab cov khoom ua kom zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov cement paste no tau hloov pauv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg, hloov los ntawm cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv cov khoom tawv tawv nrog qee theem ntawm lub zog. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua ke ua ke cov khoom loj lossis cov ntaub ntawv granular los tsim kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke. Cement tsis tsuas yog hardens thiab nce lub zog thaum raug huab cua tab sis kuj tuaj yeem ua rau hauv dej, tswj thiab txawm tias txhim kho nws lub zog. Cov cement yog siv dav hauv kev tsim kho, nrog rau ntau yam kev siv hauv kev tsim vaj tsev engineering, roj thiab roj vaj tse, kev tsim vaj tse, kev tsim vaj tsev, kev tsim kho, thiab lwm yam.
7. Pob zeb
Qhob, raws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho niaj hnub. Pob zeb yog cov khoom siv tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke xws li av nplaum, txiv qaub, gypsum, volcanic tshauv, lossis ntuj asphalt nrog aggregates xws li xuab zeb, slag, thiab crushed pob zeb. Nws boasts cov khoom zoo heev, nrog rau kev sib koom ua ke muaj zog, durability, thiab dej tsis kam. Txawm li cas los xij, pob zeb yog suav tias yog cov khoom siv nkig nrog lub zog siab compressive tab sis tsis tshua muaj zog tensile, ua rau nws yooj yim rau tawg.
Nrog rau kev taw qhia ntawm cov cement thiab hlau, nws tau pom tias kev sib xyaw cov ntaub ntawv no muab kev sib txuas zoo dua qub thiab tso cai rau lawv los ua kom muaj kev sib zog ua kom tsis muaj zog thaum siv lawv lub zog. Los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke cov hlau ntxiv rau hauv pob zeb, nws tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm qhov chaw, tiv thaiv corrosion tab sis kuj txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm lub zog tensile. Qhov no ua rau kev txhim kho cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog, nthuav dav ntau yam kev siv rau pob zeb hauv kev tsim kho.
Nyob rau hauv kev sib piv rau cov qauv cib thiab pob zeb ib txwm muaj, cov qauv ntoo, thiab cov qauv hlau, cov vaj tse pob zeb tau ntsib kev loj hlob sai thiab tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv engineering engineering. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pob zeb ua haujlwm siab thiab cov pob zeb tshiab tshiab txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv thiab hloov zuj zus hauv kev tsim kho.
8. iav
Tsis tas li ntawd, iav thiab yas, raws li cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho tshiab niaj hnub no, tau ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua hauv kev tsim kho niaj hnub no. Cov iav tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau nruab hnub nrig, kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab façade tsim, ua raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm lub zog siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub. Iav pom daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua yam ntawm kev tsim kho vim nws ntau hom, xws li tempered iav, semi-tempered iav, insulated iav, laminated iav, tinted iav, coated iav, qauv iav, hluav taws kub-resistant iav, lub tshuab nqus tsev iav, thiab lwm yam .
Shanghai-Poly-Grand-Theatre
9. Yas
Yas yog ib qho tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev uas, vim nws qhov kev ua tau zoo, ntau yam kev siv, thiab kev cia siab, yog suav tias yog plaub pawg loj ntawm cov khoom siv tom qab steel, cement, thiab ntoo hauv kev tsim kho niaj hnub no. Yas muaj ntau yam kev siv, los ntawm lub ru tsev mus rau hauv av, thiab los ntawm cov chaw sab nraum zoov rau cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Tam sim no, feem ntau siv cov yas hauv kev tsim kho yog rau cov kav dej thiab cov kav dej, cov kav dej xa hluav taws xob, thiab PVC qhov rooj thiab qhov rais, ua raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov cables.
Ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov yas yog lawv cov peev txheej txuag hluav taws xob, nrog rau kev tsim thiab siv cov khoom yas uas muaj kev siv zog tsawg dua piv rau lwm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov yas tam sim no tau siv dav hauv ntau lub ru tsev, phab ntsa, thiab hauv pem teb kev tsim kho. Lub teb ntawm architectural plastics txuas ntxiv hloov mus rau kev ua haujlwm siab dua, txhim kho kev ua tau zoo, ntau yam, thiab kev ua tau zoo.
10. Silicone sealant
Silicone sealant yog cov khoom siv zoo li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm kev sib xyaw polydimethylsiloxane ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm sib txuas, cov muab tub lim, plasticizers, coupling agents, thiab catalysts nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, nws kho thiab tsim elastic silicone roj hmab los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog ya raws hauv huab cua. Nws yog siv rau kev sib txuas thiab sealing ntau hom iav thiab lwm yam substrates. Tam sim no, Eolya muaj ntau yam sealants, xws li iav sealant, huab cua-resistant sealant, hluav taws-resistant sealant, pob zeb sealant, hlau sib txuas sealant, pwm-resistant sealant, hniav sib txuas sealant, thiab insulated iav sealant, thiab lwm yam, muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom thiab specifications.
11. Polyurethane ua npuas ncauj (PU ua npuas ncauj)
Raws li hom tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, polyurethane ua npuas ncauj tau txais kev saib xyuas thoob plaws hauv xyoo tas los no. Nws yog tsim los ntawm monomers xws li isocyanates thiab polyols los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization, nrog cov roj carbon dioxide generated ua tus neeg sawv cev foaming. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no ua rau cov txheej txheem nruj microcellular ua npuas ncauj. Polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yog feem ntau categorized rau hauv nruj polyurethane ua npuas ncauj, yooj ywm polyurethane ua npuas ncauj, thiab semi-rigid polyurethane ua npuas ncauj. Tsis zoo li cov qauv kaw-cell ntawm nruj polyurethane ua npuas ncauj, hloov tau yooj yim polyurethane ua npuas ncauj muaj ib qho qhib-hlwb qauv, yam ntxwv ntawm nws lub teeb yuag, breathability, thiab zoo resilience. Semi-rigid polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yog ib hom qhib-cell ntawm ua npuas ncauj nrog ib tug hardness ntawm mos thiab nruj ua npuas ncauj, thiab nws muaj ntau dua compression load qhov tseem ceeb. Rigid polyurethane ua npuas ncauj, cov khoom siv hluavtaws tshiab nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov dej tsis zoo, muaj cov thermal conductivity tsawg thiab me me, yog li feem ntau siv los ua rwb thaiv tsev thiab thermal barrier khoom hauv kev tsim kho.
Piv nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv siv ib txwm siv, polyurethane ua npuas ncauj muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntau yam, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm zoo rwb thaiv tsev, muaj zog hluav taws kub, dej tsis kam, thiab cov khoom ruaj khov. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm kev nrum lossis txau los ua cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev txuas ntxiv, thiab tau pom cov ntawv siv dav hauv lub tsev sab nrauv, lub ru tsev, pem teb, qhov rooj, qhov rais, thiab cov kav dej cua sov.
Piv nrog rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab niaj hnub no, vim kev nce qib hauv kev siv tshuab thiab kev hloov kho vaj tse, cov khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub muaj qhov zoo dua li cov khoom qub. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lawv tau ua txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim vaj tsev niaj hnub, thaum cov khoom siv hauv tsev ib txwm siv rau hauv lub luag haujlwm ntxiv. Niaj hnub nimno cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li steel, cement, pob zeb, iav, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw tau tawg qhov kev txwv ntawm cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv xws li pob zeb, ntoo, av nplaum cib, thiab cov txiv qaub gypsum. Lawv tau ua kom yooj yim rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm high-rise, sib sib zog nqus-span lug thiab ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev tsim kho hauv nroog, ua raws li cov qauv ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev txuag hluav taws xob hauv lub neej niaj hnub.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-31-2023
