Cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim kho yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho, txiav txim siab txog tus yam ntxwv, tus qauv, thiab cov teebmeem ntawm lub tsev. Cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim kho ib txwm muaj xws li pob zeb, ntoo, av nplaum, txiv qaub ntsuab, thiab gypsum, thaum cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim kho niaj hnub muaj xws li hlau, cement, concrete, iav, thiab yas. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho.
Cov khoom siv hauv tsev ib txwm muaj
1. Pob Zeb
Pob zeb yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev thaum ub uas siv hauv keeb kwm tib neeg. Nws muaj ntau yam khoom siv, faib dav dav, cov qauv zoo, lub zog compressive siab, tiv taus dej zoo, ruaj khov, thiab tiv taus kev hnav zoo heev. Western Europe ib zaug siv pob zeb dav dav hauv kev tsim vaj tsev, nrog rau cov piv txwv tseem ceeb suav nrog lub Palace zoo nkauj ntawm Versailles hauv Fabkis thiab British Parliament House. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pyramids hauv Iyiv tau tsim los ntawm kev siv cov pob zeb loj txiav kom raug. Kev tsim vaj tsev pob zeb nqa lub aura ntawm kev zoo nkauj, kev ua siab loj, thiab kev nom kev tswv. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws qhov ceev thiab qhov hnyav siab, cov qauv pob zeb feem ntau muaj phab ntsa tuab dua, uas txo qhov piv ntawm thaj chaw hauv pem teb ntawm lub tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem siv ua lub cim ntawm kev nplua nuj hauv kev tsim vaj tsev zoo nkauj, tsim cov teebmeem kos duab tshwj xeeb.
2. Ntoo
Ntoo, ua ib yam khoom siv hauv tsev ib txwm muaj, muaj cov yam ntxwv xws li lub teeb yuag, lub zog siab, qhov zoo nkauj, ua haujlwm tau zoo, rov ua dua tshiab tau, rov ua dua tshiab tau, thiab tsis muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig. Yog li ntawd, cov tsev ntoo ua qauv qhia tau tias muaj kev ruaj khov zoo heev thiab tiv taus av qeeg. Txawm li cas los xij, ntoo siv hauv kev tsim kho kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo. Nws yooj yim deformation, tawg, pwm loj hlob, thiab kab tsuag. Ntxiv mus, nws yooj yim raug hluav taws, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau nws qhov zoo thiab kev ruaj khov.
Ntoo yog ib yam khoom siv hauv tsev uas tsis muaj hnub nyoog vim nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo heev thiab tau siv dav hauv kev tsim kho txij li thaum ub los. Qee lub tsev xws li qee qhov ntawm Nanchan Tuam Tsev thiab Foguang Tuam Tsev ntawm Roob Wutai hauv Suav teb ua haujlwm ua tus sawv cev rau cov qauv vaj tsev. Cov qauv no muaj cov toj roob hauv pes me me, tsis hloov pauv, cov eaves dav, cov brackets pom tseeb, thiab tus qauv yooj yim thiab solemn.
Hauv cov haujlwm tsim vaj tsev niaj hnub no, cov khoom xws li cov ntoo, cov ncej, cov khoom txhawb nqa, qhov rooj, qhov rai, thiab txawm tias cov pwm pob zeb siv ntoo. Ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev uas ua pa tau, ntoo muab kev sov so thaum lub caij ntuj no thiab txias thaum lub caij ntuj sov, yog li tsim kom muaj qhov chaw nyob zoo tshaj plaws rau tib neeg.
Lub Tuam Tsev Nanchan, Suav
3. Cov cib av nplaum
Cov cib av nplaum yog ib hom khoom siv hauv tsev uas tib neeg ua. Tau ntev los lawm, cov cib av nplaum feem ntau yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim vaj tse hauv Suav teb. Cov cib av nplaum yog cov yam ntxwv los ntawm lawv qhov me me, lub teeb yuag, yooj yim rau kev tsim kho, cov duab zoo nkauj thiab ruaj khov, muaj peev xwm nqa tau khoom, rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev saib xyuas, nrog rau lawv cov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub ntsej muag. Kev siv lawv hauv kev tsim kho tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov chaw nyob rau tib neeg. Lub Nroog Txwv Tsis Pub Siv yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev uas siv cov cib av nplaum. Cov cib av nplaum zoo li qub uas siv rau lub ntsej muag sab nraud pab txhawb rau Lub Nroog Txwv Tsis Pub Siv cov duab kos duab zoo nkauj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv raw rau cov cib av nplaum yog av nplaum ntuj, thiab lawv cov khoom tsim tawm suav nrog kev txi thaj av ua liaj ua teb. Maj mam, lawv tau hloov los ntawm lwm cov khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txoj haujlwm hauv keeb kwm kev tsim vaj tsev ntawm tib neeg yuav tsis raug tshem tawm.
4. Txiv qaub ntsuab
Txiv qaub ntsuab, ua ib yam khoom siv hauv tsev ib txwm muaj, paub txog nws qhov kev ua tau zoo, cov txheej txheem tawv qeeb, lub zog qis tom qab tawv, thiab qhov ntim me me thaum tawv. Nws ntau txhiab xyoo ntawm keeb kwm ua pov thawj rau tib neeg txoj kev ntseeg siab thiab kev cia siab rau cov khoom siv no. Txiv qaub ntsuab tseem yog ib yam khoom siv hauv tsev tseem ceeb, siv dav hauv ntau yam haujlwm tsim kho thiab kev lag luam, xws li kev pleev xim rau sab hauv, kev sib tov txiv qaub ntsuab thiab grout, thiab kev npaj adobe thiab av nkos cib.
Ib yam li ntawd, gypsum, lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev qub qub, muaj ntau yam khoom siv raw, yooj yim tsim, siv zog tsawg, nqus dej noo tau zoo, pheej yig, thiab tsis ua rau ib puag ncig puas tsuaj. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv tsev niaj hnub, kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab ua tiav cov haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws feem ntau yog siv los ua gypsum plaster thiab gypsum cov khoom.
Cov khoom siv niaj hnub
5. Hlau
Hlau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim vaj tsev niaj hnub no ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Hlau muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo heev xws li lub teeb yuag tab sis muaj zog siab, zoo plasticity thiab toughness, kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab, qib kev lag luam siab, kev tsim kho sai, yooj yim dismantling, zoo sealing zog, thiab siab kub tiv taus. Cov yam ntxwv zoo no ua rau nws tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim vaj tsev niaj hnub, feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov qauv hlau loj xws li tshav dav hlau thiab chaw ntau pob, cov qauv hlau tsev siab xws li cov tsev so thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm, cov qauv siab xws li TV thiab cov pej thuam sib txuas lus, cov qauv hlau phaj plhaub xws li cov thoob roj loj thiab cov thoob roj, cov qauv hlau Hoobkas kev lag luam, cov qauv hlau sib dua xws li cov tsev rau khoom me me, cov qauv hlau choj, thiab cov qauv hlau rau cov khoom txav xws li elevators thiab cranes.
6. Cov cement
Cement, ua ib yam khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub no, pom muaj ntau yam siv rau hauv kev lag luam, kev ua liaj ua teb, kev siv dej, kev thauj mus los, kev tsim kho hauv nroog, chaw nres nkoj, thiab kev tiv thaiv teb chaws. Nyob rau lub caij niaj hnub no, nws tau dhau los ua ib yam khoom siv tseem ceeb rau txhua qhov project tsim kho. Cement yog ib yam khoom siv hmoov uas tsis muaj organic uas, thaum sib xyaw nrog dej, ua rau nws ua kua nplaum thiab nplaum tau. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau los, cov nplaum cement no hloov pauv lub cev thiab tshuaj, hloov pauv los ntawm cov nplaum nplaum uas nplaum tau mus rau hauv cov khoom khov kho uas muaj zog. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem sib txuas ua ke cov khoom khov kho lossis cov khoom siv granular los tsim ib lub qauv sib koom ua ke. Cement tsis yog tsuas yog khov thiab nce lub zog thaum raug rau huab cua xwb tab sis kuj tuaj yeem khov hauv dej, tswj thiab txhim kho nws lub zog. Cement siv dav hauv cov project tsim kho, nrog ntau yam kev siv hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse, roj thiab roj av, kev tsim kho pas dej, kev tsim kho masonry, kev tsim kho txoj kev, thiab ntau ntxiv.
7. Pob zeb ua vaj tse
Cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, ua ib yam khoom siv niaj hnub no, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev hauv cov haujlwm tsim kho niaj hnub no. Cov pob zeb ua vaj tse yog ib yam khoom siv tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov khoom sib txuas xws li av nplaum, txiv qaub ntsuab, gypsum, tshauv volcanic, lossis asphalt ntuj nrog cov pob zeb sib xyaw xws li xuab zeb, slag, thiab pob zeb tawg. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo heev, suav nrog kev sib koom ua ke zoo, kev ruaj khov, thiab kev tiv thaiv dej. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pob zeb ua vaj tse suav tias yog cov khoom siv tawg yooj yim nrog lub zog compressive siab tab sis lub zog tensile qis heev, ua rau nws yooj yim tawg.
Nrog kev qhia txog cov cement thiab hlau, nws tau pom tias kev sib xyaw cov ntaub ntawv no ua rau muaj zog sib txuas zoo dua thiab tso cai rau lawv los ua kom tiav qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm ib leeg thaum siv lawv lub zog. Los ntawm kev koom ua ke cov hlau txhawb nqa rau hauv cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, nws tsis yog tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm kev raug rau huab cua, tiv thaiv kev xeb tab sis kuj ua rau lub zog tensile ntawm cov khoom siv. Qhov no ua rau kev tsim cov pob zeb txhawb nqa, nthuav dav ntau yam kev siv rau cov pob zeb hauv kev tsim kho.
Piv rau cov qauv cib thiab pob zeb ib txwm muaj, cov qauv ntoo, thiab cov qauv hlau, cov qauv pob zeb tau muaj kev loj hlob sai thiab tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse. Ntxiv mus, cov pob zeb ua haujlwm siab thiab cov hom pob zeb tshiab txuas ntxiv mus rau kev nce qib thiab hloov pauv hauv kev tsim kho.
8. Iav
Ntxiv mus, iav thiab yas, ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub, tau siv tas li hauv cov haujlwm tsim kho niaj hnub no. Iav tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau rau lub teeb pom kev zoo, kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab tsim lub ntsej muag, ua raws li qhov xav tau kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov qauv vaj tsev niaj hnub. Iav pom daim ntawv thov hauv yuav luag txhua yam ntawm kev tsim kho vim nws ntau hom, xws li iav tempered, iav semi-tempered, iav insulated, iav laminated, iav tinted, iav coated, iav patterned, iav tiv taus hluav taws, iav nqus tsev, thiab ntau ntxiv.
Shanghai-Poly-Grand-Theatre
9. Yas
Yas yog ib hom khoom siv hauv tsev uas tab tom tshwm sim tshiab, vim nws muaj kev ua tau zoo heev, muaj ntau yam kev siv, thiab muaj kev cia siab tias yuav siv tau ntev, yog hom khoom siv loj thib plaub tom qab hlau, cement, thiab ntoo hauv kev tsim kho niaj hnub no. Yas muaj ntau yam kev siv, txij li ntawm cov ru tsev mus rau cov av, thiab txij li ntawm cov chaw pej xeem sab nraum zoov mus rau cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Tam sim no, cov yas feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim kho yog rau cov kav dej thiab cov kav dej ntws, cov kav xa roj, thiab cov qhov rooj thiab qhov rai PVC, ua raws li cov xov hluav taws xob thiab cov xov hlau.
Ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov yas yog lawv lub peev xwm txuag hluav taws xob ntau, nrog rau kev tsim khoom thiab siv cov khoom yas muaj kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua piv rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho. Yog li ntawd, cov yas tam sim no tau siv dav hauv ntau yam kev tsim kho ru tsev, phab ntsa, thiab pem teb. Lub tshav pob ntawm cov yas vaj tse niaj hnub hloov pauv mus rau kev ua haujlwm siab dua, kev ua tau zoo dua, kev hloov pauv tau yooj yim, thiab kev siv nyiaj tsawg.
10. Cov roj hmab silicone
Cov tshuaj nplaum silicone yog ib yam khoom zoo li nplaum uas tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw polydimethylsiloxane ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb nrog cov neeg sawv cev sib txuas, cov khoom sau, cov khoom yas, cov neeg sawv cev sib txuas, thiab cov tshuaj catalysts hauv qab qhov chaw nqus tsev. Thaum sov chav, nws kho thiab tsim cov roj hmab silicone elastic los ntawm kev sib xyaw nrog cov dej noo hauv huab cua. Nws yog siv rau kev sib txuas thiab kaw ntau hom iav thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Tam sim no, Eolya muaj cov tshuaj nplaum ntau yam, suav nrog cov tshuaj nplaum iav, cov tshuaj nplaum tiv taus huab cua, cov tshuaj nplaum tiv taus hluav taws, cov tshuaj nplaum pob zeb, cov tshuaj nplaum sib koom ua ke hlau, cov tshuaj nplaum tiv taus pwm, cov tshuaj nplaum sib koom ua ke zoo nkauj, thiab cov tshuaj nplaum iav rwb thaiv tsev, thiab lwm yam, muaj ntau hom thiab cov lus qhia.
11. Ua npuas ncauj Polyurethane (PU Ua Npuas Ncauj)
Ua ib hom khoom siv hauv tsev tshiab, ua npuas polyurethane tau txais kev saib xyuas dav dav hauv xyoo tas los no. Nws yog synthesized los ntawm monomers xws li isocyanates thiab polyols los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, nrog rau cov pa roj carbon dioxide tsim ua tus neeg sawv cev ua npuas ncauj. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsim cov npuas microcellular uas muaj cov qauv nruj. Ua npuas polyurethane feem ntau yog muab faib ua cov npuas polyurethane tawv, ua npuas polyurethane yooj ywm, thiab ua npuas polyurethane semi-rigid. Tsis zoo li cov qauv kaw-cell ntawm cov npuas polyurethane tawv, ua npuas polyurethane yooj ywm muaj cov qauv qhib-cell, uas muaj tus cwj pwm los ntawm nws lub teeb yuag, ua pa tau, thiab muaj zog zoo. Ua npuas polyurethane semi-rigid yog hom npuas qhib-cell nrog qhov nyuaj ntawm cov npuas mos thiab tawv, thiab nws muaj cov nqi compression siab dua. Ua npuas polyurethane tawv, cov khoom siv tshiab tsim nrog kev rwb thaiv tsev thiab dej tsis kam, muaj kev ua haujlwm thermal qis thiab qhov ceev me me, yog li feem ntau siv ua cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov khoom siv thermal barrier hauv kev tsim kho.
Piv rau cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim kho ib txwm muaj, polyurethane ua npuas ncauj muaj ntau yam zoo, suav nrog kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev, tiv taus hluav taws kub, tiv taus dej siab, thiab ruaj khov. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm kev casting lossis txau kom ua ib txheej rwb thaiv tsev tas mus li, thiab tau pom ntau daim ntawv thov hauv kev tsim kho sab nraud, ru tsev, pem teb, qhov rooj, qhov rai, thiab cov kav dej cua sov.
Piv rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev ib txwm muaj thiab niaj hnub no, vim muaj kev nce qib hauv thev naus laus zis thiab kev xav tau ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev, cov khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub no muaj ntau qhov zoo dua li cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj. Yog li ntawd, lawv tau los ua tus thawj coj hauv kev tsim vaj tsev niaj hnub no, thaum cov khoom siv hauv tsev ib txwm muaj siv ua lub luag haujlwm ntxiv. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub no xws li hlau, cement, concrete, iav, thiab composites tau rhuav tshem cov kev txwv ntawm cov duab thiab qhov loj me uas cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj xws li pob zeb, ntoo, av nplaum, thiab lime gypsum tsim. Lawv tau pab txhawb kev tsim cov qauv siab, tob tob thiab ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev tsim kho hauv nroog, ua raws li cov qauv ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev txuag hluav taws xob hauv zej zog niaj hnub no.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-31-2023
