Tsis yog qhov no yuav tsis dhuav, qhov tseeb-tshwj xeeb yog tias koj nyiam cov roj hmab uas ncab tau. Yog tias koj nyeem ntxiv, koj yuav pom yuav luag txhua yam uas koj xav paub txog Cov Tshuaj Txhuam Silicone Ib Feem.
1) Lawv yog dab tsi
2) Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau lawv
3) Yuav siv lawv qhov twg
Kev Taw Qhia
Dab tsi yog ib feem silicone sealant?
Muaj ntau hom tshuaj sealant uas kho tau los ntawm tshuaj lom neeg - Silicone, Polyurethane thiab Polysulfide yog cov uas paub zoo tshaj plaws. Lub npe no yog los ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov molecule uas koom nrog.
Lub hauv paus ntawm silicone yog:
Si - O - Si - O - Si - O - Si
Cov silicone hloov kho yog ib qho thev naus laus zis tshiab (tsawg kawg hauv Tebchaws Meskas) thiab qhov tseeb txhais tau tias yog cov pob txha caj qaum organic kho nrog silane chemistry. Ib qho piv txwv yog alkoxysilane terminated polypropylene oxide.
Tag nrho cov tshuaj lom neeg no tuaj yeem yog ib feem lossis ob feem uas pom tseeb tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog pes tsawg feem koj xav tau kom tau txais qhov khoom kom kho. Yog li ntawd, ib feem tsuas yog txhais tau tias qhib lub raj, lub thawv lossis lub thoob thiab koj cov khoom yuav kho. Feem ntau, cov kab ke ib feem no ua rau cov dej noo hauv huab cua los ua roj hmab.
Yog li, ib feem silicone yog ib lub kaw lus uas ruaj khov hauv lub raj kom txog thaum, thaum raug cua, nws kho kom tsim tau cov roj hmab silicone.
Cov txiaj ntsig
Ib feem silicones muaj ntau qhov zoo tshwj xeeb.
-Thaum sib xyaw kom raug, lawv ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha nrog kev nplaum zoo heev thiab cov khoom siv lub cev. Lub sijhawm khaws cia (lub sijhawm koj tuaj yeem tso nws rau hauv lub raj ua ntej koj siv nws) tsawg kawg yog ib xyoos yog qhov ib txwm muaj nrog qee cov qauv kav ntev ntau xyoo. Silicones kuj muaj kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws mus sij hawm ntev. Lawv cov khoom siv lub cev tsis hloov pauv raws sijhawm tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm UV thiab, ntxiv rau, lawv qhia txog kev ruaj khov kub zoo tshaj qhov ntawm lwm cov sealants tsawg kawg yog 50 ℃.
-Ib feem ntawm cov silicones yuav khov sai heev, feem ntau yuav pib ua daim tawv nqaij hauv 5 txog 10 feeb, thiab yuav khov tsis muaj qhov lo rau hauv ib teev thiab yuav khov ua ib daim roj hmab uas muaj zog li 1/10 nti tob hauv tsawg dua ib hnub. Qhov saum npoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij zoo li roj hmab.
-Vim tias lawv tuaj yeem ua kom pom tseeb uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv nws tus kheej (translucent yog xim siv ntau tshaj plaws), nws yooj yim heev rau pigment lawv rau txhua yam xim.
Cov kev txwv
Cov silicones muaj ob qhov kev txwv tseem ceeb.
1) Lawv tsis tuaj yeem pleev xim nrog cov xim dej-nws tuaj yeem nyuaj nrog cov xim yaj.
2) Tom qab kho tau lawm, cov sealant tuaj yeem tso tawm qee cov silicone plasticizer uas, thaum siv rau hauv qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm lub tsev, tuaj yeem tsim cov xim tsis zoo nkauj raws ntug ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke.
Tau kawg, vim yog qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua ib feem nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tau txais qhov seem tob sai sai los ntawm kev kho vim tias lub kaw lus yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm nrog huab cua yog li ntawd kho los ntawm sab saud mus rau hauv qab. Kev hais meej ntxiv me ntsis, silicones tsis tuaj yeem siv ua lub foob hauv cov qhov rai iav rwb thaiv tsev vim. Txawm hais tias lawv zoo heev ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov kua dej ntau dhau, cov pa dej hla dhau yooj yim los ntawm cov roj hmab silicone kho ua rau cov chav IG ua pos huab.
Cov Cheeb Tsam Lag Luam thiab Kev Siv
Cov silicones ib feem siv rau txhua qhov chaw thiab txhua qhov chaw, suav nrog, ua rau qee tus tswv tsev poob siab, qhov twg ob qhov kev txwv uas tau hais los saum toj no ua rau muaj teeb meem.
Kev lag luam tsim kho thiab DIY suav nrog qhov ntim loj tshaj plaws ua raws li tsheb, kev lag luam, khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab aerospace. Ib yam li txhua yam sealant, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm ib feem silicones yog los lo thiab sau qhov sib txawv ntawm ob lub substrates zoo sib xws lossis sib txawv kom tiv thaiv dej lossis cua ntsawj los ntawm. Qee zaum ib qho formulation yuav tsis hloov pauv tsuas yog ua kom nws ntws tau ntau dua uas nws tom qab ntawd dhau los ua ib txheej. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los sib txawv ntawm ib txheej, nplaum thiab sealant yog yooj yim. Ib qho sealant kaw ntawm ob qhov chaw thaum ib txheej npog thiab tiv thaiv tsuas yog ib qho thaum ib qho nplaum khaws ob qhov chaw ua ke. Ib qho sealant zoo li ib qho nplaum thaum nws siv rau hauv cov qauv glazing lossis insulated glazing, txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem ua haujlwm los kaw ob lub substrates ntxiv rau kev ua kom lawv ua ke.
Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Tshuaj Yooj Yim
Cov tshuaj nplaum silicone thaum tsis tau kho feem ntau zoo li cov nplaum tuab lossis mis nyuj. Thaum raug cua, cov pab pawg kawg ntawm cov polymer silicone hydrolyze (ua rau dej) thiab tom qab ntawd koom ua ke, tso dej tawm thiab tsim cov saw polymer ntev uas txuas ntxiv ua rau ib leeg kom txog thaum thaum kawg cov nplaum hloov mus ua roj hmab zoo nkauj. Cov pab pawg reactive ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov polymer silicone los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov mis (tsis suav nrog cov polymer nws tus kheej) uas yog crosslinker. Nws yog crosslinker uas muab cov tshuaj nplaum nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ncaj qha xws li tsw thiab qhov ceev kho, lossis tsis ncaj qha xws li xim, kev nplaum, thiab lwm yam vim yog lwm cov khoom siv raw uas yuav siv nrog cov kab ke crosslinker tshwj xeeb xws li cov khoom sau thiab cov khoom txhawb nqa kev nplaum. Kev xaiv cov crosslinker zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab cov yam ntxwv kawg ntawm cov tshuaj nplaum.
Hom Kev Kho Mob
Muaj ntau lub tshuab kho mob sib txawv.
1) Acetoxy (tsw ntxhiab tsw ntawm kua txiv qaub)
2) Oxime
3) Alkoxy
4) Benzamide
5) Amine
6) Aminoxy
Cov tshuaj Oximes, alkoxies thiab benzamides (siv ntau dua hauv Tebchaws Europe) yog cov uas hu ua cov kab ke nruab nrab lossis tsis muaj kua qaub. Cov amines thiab aminooxy systems muaj ntxhiab ammonia thiab feem ntau siv ntau dua hauv cov chaw tsim tsheb thiab kev lag luam lossis cov ntawv thov kev tsim kho sab nraum zoov.
Cov Khoom Siv Raw
Cov qauv muaj ntau yam khoom sib txawv, qee qhov yog xaiv tau, nyob ntawm qhov siv kawg.
Cov khoom siv raw tseem ceeb tsuas yog cov polymer reactive thiab crosslinker xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov fillers, adhesion promoters, non-reactive (plasticizing) polymer thiab catalysts yuav luag ib txwm ntxiv rau. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau lwm yam additives tuaj yeem siv xws li cov xim pastes, fungicides, flame-retardants, thiab heat stabilizers.
Cov Qauv Tseem Ceeb
Ib qho kev tsim kho oxime lossis DIY sealant formulation yuav zoo li:
| % | ||
| Polydimethylsiloxane, OH xaus 50,000cps | 65.9 | Cov khoom siv polymer |
| Polydimethylsiloxane, trimethylterminated, 1000cps | 20 | Cov khoom siv yas |
| Methyltrioximinosilane | 5 | Crosslinker |
| Aminopropyltriethoxysilane | 1 | Tus neeg txhawb nqa kev nplaum |
| 150 sq.m/g thaj chaw fumed silica | 8 | Cov khoom siv sau |
| Dibutyltin dilaurate | 0.1 | Cov tshuaj catalyst |
| Tag Nrho | 100 |
Cov Khoom Siv Lub Cev
Cov khoom siv lub cev ib txwm muaj xws li:
| Kev ntev (%) | 550 |
| Lub zog Tensile (MPa) | 1.9 |
| Modulus ntawm 100 Elongation (MPa) | 0.4 |
| Ntug Dej A Hardness | 22 |
| Daim tawv nqaij dhau sijhawm (feeb) | 10 |
| Lub Sijhawm Dawb Rau Kev Tack (feeb) | 60 |
| Lub Sijhawm Khawb (feeb) | 120 |
| Los ntawm kev kho (mm hauv 24 teev) | 2 |
Cov qauv siv lwm cov crosslinkers yuav zoo sib xws tej zaum yuav txawv ntawm qib crosslinker, hom adhesion promoter thiab curing catalysts. Lawv cov khoom siv lub cev yuav txawv me ntsis tshwj tsis yog tias muaj cov saw hlau txuas ntxiv. Qee lub tshuab tsis tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim tshwj tsis yog tias siv ntau cov chalk filler. Cov hom qauv no pom tseeb tsis tuaj yeem tsim tawm hauv hom pob tshab lossis pob tshab.
Tsim cov khoom siv foob
Muaj 3 theem rau kev tsim cov sealant tshiab.
1) Kev tsim, kev tsim khoom thiab kev sim hauv chav kuaj - cov ntim me me heev
Ntawm no, tus kws tshuaj lom neeg hauv chaw kuaj mob muaj cov tswv yim tshiab thiab feem ntau pib nrog ib pawg tes ntawm kwv yees li 100 grams ntawm cov sealant tsuas yog kom pom tias nws kho li cas thiab hom roj hmab twg tsim tawm. Tam sim no muaj lub tshuab tshiab muaj "The Hauschild Speed Mix" los ntawm FlackTek Inc. Lub tshuab tshwj xeeb no zoo tagnrho rau kev sib tov cov khoom me me 100g no hauv vib nas this thaum tso pa tawm. Qhov no tseem ceeb vim tias tam sim no nws tso cai rau tus tsim tawm los sim cov khoom siv lub cev ntawm cov khoom me me no. Fumed silica lossis lwm yam khoom sau xws li precipitated chalks tuaj yeem sib xyaw rau hauv silicone hauv li 8 vib nas this. De-airing siv sijhawm li 20-25 vib nas this. Lub tshuab ua haujlwm los ntawm txoj kev siv lub tshuab centrifuge ob chav asymmetric uas feem ntau siv cov khoom me me lawv tus kheej ua lawv tus kheej sib tov. Qhov sib tov loj tshaj plaws yog 100 grams thiab ntau hom khob sib txawv muaj suav nrog pov tseg, uas txhais tau tias tsis tas yuav ntxuav kiag li.
Qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cov tshuaj tsis yog tsuas yog cov khoom xyaw xwb, tab sis kuj yog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev ntxiv thiab lub sijhawm sib tov. Ntawm chav kawm, kev tshem tawm lossis tshem tawm cua yog qhov tseem ceeb kom cov khoom muaj lub sijhawm khaws cia, vim tias cov npuas cua muaj cov dej noo uas yuav ua rau cov sealant qhuav los ntawm sab hauv.
Thaum tus kws tshuaj tau txais hom sealant uas xav tau rau nws daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, nws yuav siv tau txog li 1 quart planetary mixer uas tuaj yeem tsim tau li 3-4 lub raj me me 110 ml (3oz). Qhov no yog cov khoom siv txaus rau kev sim lub sijhawm khaws cia thawj zaug thiab kev sim kev nplaum ntxiv rau lwm yam kev xav tau tshwj xeeb.
Tom qab ntawd nws mam li mus rau lub tshuab 1 lossis 2 nkas loos los tsim 8-12 lub raj mis 10 oz rau kev kuaj xyuas tob dua thiab kev kuaj cov neeg siv khoom. Cov sealant raug rho tawm ntawm lub lauj kaub los ntawm lub tog raj kheej hlau mus rau hauv lub thawv uas haum rau saum lub tog raj kheej ntim khoom. Tom qab cov kev sim no, nws npaj txhij rau kev nthuav dav.
2) Kev nce qib thiab kev kho kom zoo - ntim nruab nrab
Hauv kev nce qib, cov qauv kuaj tam sim no tau tsim tawm ntawm lub tshuab loj dua feem ntau yog li ntawm 100-200kg lossis txog ib lub nruas. Kauj ruam no muaj ob lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb
a) los saib seb puas muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb ntawm 4 lb qhov loj thiab qhov loj dua no uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib xyaw thiab kev sib kis, kev ua tshuaj thiab ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov sheer hauv qhov sib tov, thiab
b) tsim cov ntaub ntawv txaus los kuaj cov neeg yuav khoom thiab tau txais qee cov lus taw qhia tiag tiag ntawm txoj haujlwm.
Lub tshuab 50 nkas loos no kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov khoom lag luam thaum xav tau cov ntim tsawg lossis cov xim tshwj xeeb thiab tsuas yog yuav tsum tsim ib lub nruas ntawm txhua hom ib zaug.
Muaj ntau hom tshuab sib tov. Ob hom uas siv ntau tshaj plaws yog planetary mixers (raws li qhia saum toj no) thiab high-speed dispersers. Lub planetary zoo rau cov sib tov viscosity siab dua thaum lub disperser ua haujlwm zoo dua tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov kab ke viscosity qis dua. Hauv cov sealant kev tsim kho ib txwm muaj, ob lub tshuab tuaj yeem siv tau tsuav yog ib tus neeg ua tib zoo saib xyuas lub sijhawm sib tov thiab qhov ua tau ntawm cov cua sov ntawm lub disperser ceev.
3) Cov khoom tsim tawm tag nrho
Qhov kev tsim khoom kawg, uas tej zaum yuav yog ua ntau pawg lossis ua tas mus li, vam tias tsuas yog rov ua dua cov mis kawg los ntawm kauj ruam nce qib. Feem ntau, cov khoom me me (2 lossis 3 pawg lossis 1-2 teev ntawm kev ua tas mus li) raug tsim ua ntej hauv cov khoom siv tsim khoom thiab kuaj xyuas ua ntej kev tsim khoom ib txwm muaj.
Kev Ntsuas - Dab tsi thiab Yuav Ntsuas Li Cas.
Dab tsi
Cov Khoom Siv Lub Cev - Kev Ntev, Lub Zog Tensile thiab Modulus
Kev nplaum rau cov khoom siv tsim nyog
Txee Lub Neej-ob qho tib si ceev thiab nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub
Kev Kho Mob - Daim tawv nqaij raws sijhawm, Lub sijhawm tsis muaj kev sib txhuam, Lub sijhawm khawb thiab Kev kho kom zoo, Xim Kub Kev ruaj khov lossis kev ruaj khov hauv ntau yam kua xws li roj
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lwm yam khoom tseem ceeb raug kuaj xyuas lossis pom: kev sib xws, tsw qab tsawg, xeb thiab tsos dav dav.
Yuav ua li cas
Ib daim ntawv ntawm cov sealant raug rub tawm thiab cia kom kho rau ib lub lim tiam. Tom qab ntawd ib lub tswb tshwj xeeb raug txiav tawm thiab muab tso rau hauv Tensile Tester los ntsuas cov khoom siv lub cev xws li elongation, modulus thiab tensile lub zog. Lawv kuj tseem siv los ntsuas cov zog adhesion / cohesion ntawm cov qauv tshwj xeeb uas tau npaj tseg. Kev sim yooj yim yog-tsis yog ua los ntawm kev rub cov hlaws dai ntawm cov khoom kho rau ntawm cov substrates hauv nqe lus nug.
Lub ntsuas Shore-A ntsuas qhov tawv ntawm cov roj hmab. Lub cuab yeej no zoo li lub qhov hnyav thiab lub ntsuas nrog lub taw tes nias rau hauv cov qauv kho. Qhov ntau lub taw tes nkag mus rau hauv cov roj hmab, qhov roj hmab mos dua thiab qhov qis dua. Cov sealant kev tsim kho feem ntau yuav nyob rau hauv 15-35.
Kev ntsuas daim tawv nqaij raws sijhawm, lub sijhawm tsis muaj qhov sib txhuam thiab lwm yam kev ntsuas daim tawv nqaij tshwj xeeb yog ua nrog tus ntiv tes lossis nrog cov ntawv yas nrog cov hnyav. Lub sijhawm ua ntej cov yas tuaj yeem rub tawm huv si yog ntsuas.
Rau lub sijhawm khaws cia, cov raj ntawm cov sealant raug laus ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv chav tsev (uas siv sijhawm 1 xyoos los ua pov thawj tias lub sijhawm khaws cia 1 xyoos) lossis ntawm qhov kub siab, feem ntau 50 ℃ rau 1, 3, 5, 7 lub lis piam thiab lwm yam. Tom qab cov txheej txheem laus (lub raj tso cai rau txias hauv rooj plaub ceev), cov khoom raug extruded los ntawm lub raj thiab rub mus rau hauv daim ntawv uas nws tau tso cai rau kho. Cov khoom siv lub cev ntawm cov roj hmab tsim nyob rau hauv cov ntawv no raug kuaj xyuas zoo li ua ntej. Cov khoom no tom qab ntawd raug piv rau cov khoom ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tshiab los txiav txim siab lub sijhawm khaws cia tsim nyog.
Cov lus piav qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov kev xeem uas xav tau tuaj yeem pom hauv phau ntawv qhia ASTM.
Qee Cov Lus Qhia Kawg
Cov silicone ib feem yog cov sealant zoo tshaj plaws uas muaj. Lawv muaj cov kev txwv thiab yog tias xav tau cov kev cai tshwj xeeb lawv yuav raug tsim tshwj xeeb.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tseeb tias tag nrho cov khoom siv raw qhuav li sai tau, cov mis tshuaj ruaj khov thiab cua raug tshem tawm hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.
Kev tsim thiab kev sim yog tib yam txheej txheem rau txhua qhov sealant ib feem txawm tias yog hom twg los xij-tsuas yog xyuas kom tseeb tias koj tau kuaj xyuas txhua yam khoom ua ntej koj pib tsim cov khoom ntau thiab koj nkag siab meej txog qhov xav tau ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Nyob ntawm seb yuav tsum tau siv li cas, yuav xaiv tau cov tshuaj kho kom zoo. Piv txwv li, yog tias xaiv silicone thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab, xeb thiab lo tsis tseem ceeb tab sis xav tau tus nqi qis, ces acetoxy yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov khoom hlau uas yuav xeb lossis xav tau kev lo rau yas tshwj xeeb hauv cov xim ci ntsa iab ces koj xav tau oxime.
[1] Dale Flackett. Cov Tshuaj Sib Xyaws Silicon: Silanes thiab Silicones [M]. Gelest Inc: 433-439
* Duab los ntawm OLIVIA Silicone Sealant
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Peb Hlis-31-2024
